Ships will inevitably collide with the pier when they are berthing or unberthing,because the impact force of the ship is very large,so that the pier and the ship face potential damage hazards;in addition,when the ship is docked at the pier,it is in strong wind,Under the action of waves and currents,the ship forms complex mechanical effects on the wharf,such as volume pressure,impact,and kneading,thereby causing potential damage to the ship and wharf.Therefore,it is necessary to install marine rubber fenders,and at the same time install suitable dock fenders for the dock to absorb the kinetic energy of the ship and reduce the force between the ship and the dock.

The pier rubber fender is an effective pier anti-scourage facility.The key fenders currently used in container port terminals include four types:drum,drum,D and arch.The selection of rubber dock fenders is confirmed according to the characteristics of the dock and the ship.The factors that need to be considered include the horizontal bearing capacity and energy absorption of the dock,as well as the shape,draft,curvature and surface pressure of the ship.Drum and drum fenders are used to bear the first impact when the ship is berthing.Because the impact is relatively large,it is stipulated that the wharf fenders have relatively large energy absorption and strong reaction force characteristics;D-type and arched fenders As a Class 2 fender,the impact is not large.Therefore,the D-shaped and arch-shaped fenders of large piers should be used in conjunction with drum and drum pier fenders.In addition,D-shaped and arched fenders have unique advantages in terms of edge protection and shear resistance of the pier.

The characteristics of energy absorption and reaction force are the key index values​​to consider the quality of the rubber fender.In an ideal situation,about 70%of the kinetic energy of the hull can be absorbed by the fender.To protect the firmness of the wharf and the safety factor of the ship,the impact force of the ship on the wharf should be less than a certain standard.Under the buffering effect of the fender,the impact force of the ship on the wharf is weakened,so that the wharf and the ship will not be damaged.Therefore,the rubber fender should maintain a certain amount of reaction force after being compressed by impact.The reaction force and energy absorption curve of cylindrical fender and drum fender under vertical compression.